{"id":5698,"date":"2019-05-07T13:07:12","date_gmt":"2019-05-07T13:07:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/charitywp.thimpress.com\/elementer-1\/?page_id=5698"},"modified":"2023-09-13T16:11:33","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T16:11:33","slug":"faq","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698","title":{"rendered":"FAQ"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5698\" class=\"elementor elementor-5698\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-47552a6 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"47552a6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5371069\" data-id=\"5371069\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-876fd72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"876fd72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45293b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"45293b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7251\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7251\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">What Are Stem Cells?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7251\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7251\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Donating blood stem cells is similar to giving blood in 90% of cases. However, whether a donor and a patient in need of a blood stem cell transplant are a suitable match is decided on the basis of their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type (tissue type), rather than on the basis of their blood type.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">When you register as a potential blood stem cell donor, you complete a cheek swab which is then analysed at our lab to establish your tissue type. If your tissue type matches that of someone in need, we will be in contact as soon as possible \u2013 you could end up saving someone\u2019s life!<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7252\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7252\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Is blood stem cell donation different from blood donation<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7252\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7252\"><h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Are there any risks associated with blood stem cell donation.<\/span><\/h5><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Peripheral Stem Cell Donation \u2013 (method used in over 90% of donations):<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A peripheral blood stem cell donation is performed as an out-patient procedure and you will not be required to have a general anaesthetic. This technique has been applied in medicine since 1988 and has been performed by DKMS (Delete Blood Cancer UK) since 1996. According to our most recent research, no known long term effects have ever been recorded for either the procedure of donating or for the G-CSF injections that you would receive prior to the donation.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bone Marrow Collection \u2013 (method used in less than 10% of cases):<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A general anaesthetic is necessary for the bone marrow collection. The risk of life-threatening complications during any general anaesthetic is estimated by doctors at less than around 1:50,000. After the collection, local wound pain and in some cases nausea can occur as an after-effect of the general anaesthetic. Furthermore, a risk of infection exists to the same extent as it does for any wound. There are no known risks associated with this procedure for donating bone marrow.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7253\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7253\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Who is eligible to become a potential blood stem cell donor?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7253\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7253\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Anyone between the ages of 18-55 and in general good health can become a potential blood stem cell donor. Pre-registration is possible from the age of 17. You must also be permanently living in the UK.<\/span><\/p><h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\">WHAT\u00a0<b>EXCLUDES<\/b>\u00a0SOMEONE FROM BECOMING A POTENTIAL BLOOD STEM CELL DONOR?<\/span><\/h5><ul><li id=\"id3\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">WEIGHT UNDER 7 STONE 12LBS\/50KG<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id4\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">OBESITY (E.G. BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)&gt;40)<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id5\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SEVERE ILLNESSES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OR MENTAL ILLNESS<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id6\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SYSTEMATIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES OR OTHER SEVERE CHRONIC ILLNESSES (E.G. DIABETES OR RHEUMATISM)<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id7\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">RHEUMATISM<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id8\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">CANCER (INCLUDING BEING CANCER-FREE, BUT HAVING HAD CANCER IN THE PAST)<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id9\" class=\"faq-body faq-processed collapsed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ADDICTION (ALCOHOL, ILLICIT OR PRESCRIPTION DRUGS)<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id10\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SEVERE HEART DISEASES<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id11\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SEVERE LUNG DISEASES<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id12\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SEVERE KIDNEY DISEASES<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id13\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SEVERE METABOLIC DISEASES<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id14\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SEVERE TROPICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id15\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">INFECTIOUS DISEASES LIKE HIV, HEPATITIS B OR HEPATITIS C, AND SYPHILIS<\/span><\/li><li id=\"id16\" class=\"faq-body collapsed faq-processed\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">DISEASES OF THE HAEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM (BLOOD DISORDERS)<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">We have a lack of black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) potential donors. We urgently need more, so we can help more BAME people in need of lifesaving transplants.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Currently, only 60% of transplant recipients receive the best possible match, and this drops dramatically to 20% if you\u2019re from a black, Asian or ethnic minority background. By building and diversifying our register we will be able provide the best match to even more people with blood cancer.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7254\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7254\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> What happens to my swab sample after registration?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7254\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7254\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">We\u2019ll transport it to our partners laboratories for it to be tested and record your \u2018tissue type\u2019. Then every time someone needs a transplant, we\u2019ll compare their tissue type to yours \u2013 and to people on our register and registers across the world.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>What is a tissue type?<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Someone\u2019s tissue type is defined by the characteristics of six genes (HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 and -DPB1), collectively known as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7255\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7255\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Is there more than one bone marrow register in the UK?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7255\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7255\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Anthony Nolan, The British Bone Marrow Register (operated by NHS Blood &amp; Transplant), The Welsh Bone Marrow Donor Registry (operated by the Welsh Blood Service) and DKMS UK all recruit donors in the UK.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">All these organisations add their donors to a single UK registry<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7256\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7256\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Do I need to join more than one register?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7256\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7256\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">No, you only need to join one bone marrow register. All potential donors in the UK are added to a single registry managed by Anthony Nolan. Joining more than one would cause duplication and waste valuable resources.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7257\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7257\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Preparation for stem cell donation<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7257\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7257\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Before the collection, you will be examined thoroughly by a doctor to ensure that you are in good general health. This comprehensive examination ensures that the stem cell collection will take place in as risk-free a way as possible, for you and for the patient.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Before the stem cell collection, you do not need to comply with any particular rules of conduct or limitations. However, you should avoid any and all risks that could lead to illnesses or serious injuries which would subsequently put the stem cell donation at risk.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7258\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7258\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Process of donating blood stem cells?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7258\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7258\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are two methods of donating blood stem cells. 90% of the time, the method of donation is peripheral blood stem cell collection. In this method, a thin sterile needle takes blood from one of the donor\u2019s arms and a machine extracts the blood stem cells from it. The donor\u2019s blood is then returned to them through their other arm. This is an outpatient procedure that is usually completed in 4-6 hours.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bone marrow is used as the method of donation for the remaining 10% of the time. Bone marrow is not extracted from the spine, but from the pelvic bone using a special thin sterile needle.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7259\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7259\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> How do blood stem cell help the patient<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7259\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7259\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">When blood stem cells are collected from a donor, they are infused into the patient and move through the bloodstream to the bone marrow where they belong. They then settle in the bone marrow and engraft (begin to increase in numbers and produce red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets), resulting in the donor\u2019s healthy blood stem cells replacing the patient\u2019s diseased cells. This enables the immune system and blood making system to be restored.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">As blood stem cells are responsible for making the blood and immune systems, the donor\u2019s blood group and immune system will be transferred to the recipient.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-72510\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-72510\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> What are the survival chances for the patient after stem cell donation<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-72510\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-72510\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">For 40-80% of patients who have a stem cell transplant, the treatment is successful. The survival time after a transplant depends on many different factors, including the age and health condition of the patient, the timing of the donation, the type of underlying disease and on the emergence of potential complications.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-72511\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-72511\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> What classes of stem cells are there?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-72511\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-72511\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Stem cells may be pluripotent or multipotent.<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pluripotent stem cells can give rise to any type of cell in the body except those needed to support and develop a fetus in the womb.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Stem cells that can give rise only to a small number of different cell types are called multipotent.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-72512\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"12\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-72512\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Where do stem cells come from?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-72512\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"12\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-72512\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are several sources of stem cells. Pluripotent stem cells can be isolated from human embryos that are a few days old. Cells from these embryos can be used to create pluripotent stem cell \u201clines\u201d \u2014cell cultures that can be grown indefinitely in the laboratory. Pluripotent stem cell lines have also been developed from fetal tissue (older than 8 weeks of development).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In late 2007, scientists identified conditions that would allow some specialized adult human cells to be reprogrammed genetically to assume a stem cell-like state. These stem cells are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). IPSCs are adult cells that have been genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell\u2013like state by being forced to express genes and factors important for maintaining the defining properties of embryonic stem cells. Although these cells meet the defining criteria for pluripotent stem cells, it is not known if iPSCs and embryonic stem cells differ in clinically significant ways. Mouse iPSCs were first reported in 2006, and human iPSCs were first reported in late 2007. Mouse iPSCs demonstrate important characteristics of pluripotent stem cells, including expressing stem cell markers, forming tumors containing cells from all three germ layers, and being able to contribute to many different tissues when injected into mouse embryos at a very early stage in development. Human iPSCs also express stem cell markers and are capable of generating cells characteristic of all three germ layers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Although additional research is needed, iPSCs are already useful tools for drug development and modeling of diseases, and scientists hope to use them in transplantation medicine. Viruses are currently used to introduce the reprogramming factors into adult cells, and this process must be carefully controlled and tested before the technique can lead to useful treatments for humans. In animal studies, the virus used to introduce the stem cell factors sometimes causes cancers. Researchers are currently investigating non-viral delivery strategies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Non-embryonic (including adult and umbilical cord blood) stem cells have been identified in many organs and tissues. Typically there is a very small number of multipotent stem cells in each tissue, and these cells have a limited capacity for proliferation, thus making it difficult to generate large quantities of these cells in the laboratory. Stem cells are thought to reside in a specific area of each tissue (called a \u201cstem cell niche\u201d) where they may remain quiescent (non-dividing) for many years until they are activated by a normal need for more cells, or by disease or tissue injury. These cells are also called somatic stem cells.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-72513\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"13\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-72513\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> What are embryonic and adult Stem Cells?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-72513\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"13\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-72513\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5720644 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5720644\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Embryonic stem cells<\/span><\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94d6ea7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"94d6ea7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Embryonic stem cells are derived from the undifferentiated inner mass of an embryo.\u00a0They are able to multiply and grow into a human being when in the womb.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The use of embryonic stem cells for medical treatment is currently against the legislation. They are under very strict conditions with scientists being able to study them but not use them in any treatments unless part of a research study.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><p><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Adult stem cells<\/span><\/strong><\/p><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-592779b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"592779b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Adult stem cells are found in the fully-grown human and have potential to differentiate into various tissues such as nerves, muscles, bone and cartilage.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">These cells are less versatile than embryonic stem cells but can divide to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-72514\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"14\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-72514\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Where are adult Stem Cells found?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-72514\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"14\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-72514\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82fb926 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82fb926\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are two main types of stem cells in the adult. One is in the bone marrow and the other is found in fat (adipose) tissue.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81a024f elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-inner-section\" data-id=\"81a024f\" data-element_type=\"section\"><div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\"><div class=\"elementor-row\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd05567 elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column\" data-id=\"fd05567\" data-element_type=\"column\"><div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e6420f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e6420f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fat Derived stem cells<\/span><\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-064f29f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"064f29f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Stem cells derived from fat are also known as \u2018Stromal Vascular Fraction\u2019 cells. A component of these cells are called \u2018pericytes\u2019.\u00a0These are cells that sit around all small blood vessels of all tissues in the body;\u00a0\u2018peri\u2019 meaning around and \u2018cyte\u2019 meaning cells.\u00a0These \u2018pericytes\u2019 are thought to then become stem cells which then can be used in the treatment of various conditions.\u00a0Fat is an easy place to access these cells as it lies directly under the skin and is quick and relatively painless to harvest.\u00a0This procedure called \u2018lipo-aspiration\u2018, which is very similar to \u2018lipo-suction\u2019 performed by plastic surgeons for aesthetic purposes.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07aca2f elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column\" data-id=\"07aca2f\" data-element_type=\"column\"><div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\"><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2041b81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2041b81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bone Marrow Derived stem cells<\/span><\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8373c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e8373c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bone marrow stem cells are harvested with a technique called \u2018bone marrow aspiration\u2019 which involves drilling into the bone of the pelvis and sucking out some of the soft tissue from inside. This bone marrow is then usually centrifuged to concentrate the stem cells. It has been shown that\u00a0the quality and the concentration of bone marrow stem cells deteriorates as we age.\u00a0Younger individuals will have better functioning and greater numbers of stem cells in their bone marrow compared to an older individual.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-72515\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"15\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-72515\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Security of your personal data.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-72515\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"15\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-72515\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">KKLT and its associate partners only records, processes and makes use of your personal data in accordance with your informed consent. We adhere to legal guidelines on the use of any data and only keep what is legally permissible and necessary in order to find a suitable stem cell donor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The protection and security of your data is of paramount importance to us. We are registered and adhere to the Data Protection Act 2018 and ensure that all employees are fully up to date and trained in this Act. Your personal data will be stored in secure database and only your anonymised data will be transmitted to registries to find out if you are a potential match for a patient (data such as HLA tissue characteristics, age and gender and donor number).<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) What Are Stem Cells? Donating blood stem cells is similar to giving blood in 90% of cases. However, whether a donor and a patient in need of a blood stem cell transplant are a suitable match is decided on the basis of their human leukocyte antigen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/homepage.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5698","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v18.3 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>FAQ - Kevin Kararwa Leukaemia Trust<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FAQ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) What Are Stem Cells? Donating blood stem cells is similar to giving blood in 90% of cases. However, whether a donor and a patient in need of a blood stem cell transplant are a suitable match is decided on the basis of their human leukocyte antigen [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kevin Kararwa Leukaemia Trust\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/KKLTrust\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-09-13T16:11:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@kklttrust\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"11 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698\",\"name\":\"FAQ - Kevin Kararwa Leukaemia Trust\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-05-07T13:07:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-13T16:11:33+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"FAQ\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/\",\"name\":\"Kevin Kararwa Leukaemia Trust\",\"description\":\"We create awareness, educate, engage and offer support about Leukaemia\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"kklt\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Kevin Kararwa Leukaemia Trust\",\"alternateName\":\"KKLT\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/cropped-kevin-kararwa-leukaemia-trust.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/cropped-kevin-kararwa-leukaemia-trust.png\",\"width\":120,\"height\":118,\"caption\":\"Kevin Kararwa Leukaemia Trust\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/KKLTrust\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/kklttrust\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/kkltrust\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/kevin-kararwa-leukaemia-trust-b44969219\/?originalSubdomain=uk\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCE51yxZsX9jL4PqvvtYB7zQ\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"FAQ - Kevin Kararwa Leukaemia Trust","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.kkltrust.org\/?page_id=5698","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"FAQ","og_description":"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) What Are Stem Cells? Donating blood stem cells is similar to giving blood in 90% of cases. 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